- It is a hard solid because it consists of many strong covalent bonds between atoms. This property makes it suitable as abrasives.
- It has very high melting and boiling points.
- It does not conduct electricity (except graphite) because there are no free electrons in covalent bonds since they are used to form bonds; hence electrons are in fixed positions. To conduct electricity, there must be free electrons.
- All covalent structures are insoluble in water.